I’ve been fortunate enough to acquire a shiny new Dell Chromebook 13 (7310) which is winning accolades everywhere in the Chrome universe.  Intel i5-5300U (Broadwell), 8GB RAM, 32GB SSD, 1080p display, amazing battery life… this thing is an absolute beast and light as a feather to boot. ChromeOs as expected is a minimal Google-centric affair centered entirely around the Chrome browser and apps available in the Chrome store. This is not Android, this is Chrome. For many this type of platform would work great providing speedy web browsing, games, office docs and connectors to your corporate VDI desktop. This solution is an obvious fit for the EDU space where Chrome is a BIG market. I’m starting to think that a Chromebook is really what my parents and technically-challenged in-laws need. It’s just dead simple and provides all the functionality they could need.

But, as you know, I can’t just leave well enough alone. There is so much hardware performance prowess here that begs for me to tap into it. Naturally the 2nd thing I had to do was install Linux so I can do all the things I can’t do in Chome, namely run Steam to ultimately play Dota2 and Minecraft. YES!

Everything that follows is NOT supported by Dell nor Google, will probably void your warranty and may cause your precious Chromebook to burst into flames (not really). Anything bad that happens to you will not be my fault. I’m documenting this for my own selfish intentions of information preservation. Proceed at your own risk or peril!

ChromeOS is powered via a Linux kernel so outfitting to work with a separate Linux distro is not a terribly difficult task and frankly a match made in heaven. 32GB is plenty of room to run a minimal Linux instance and your choice of desktop plus a game title or two. There are a couple of ways to go here but one of the easiest and most popular is using crouton which is ultimately a chroot generator for ChromeOS. Crouton provides the ability to run Ubuntu on the Chromebook leveraging the existing ChromeOS kernel so you can leave your existing ChromeOS instance in place. Normally, you would be able to switch back and forth between the operating environments real-time so you get the best of both worlds here, but this appears to be broken for me at the moment. I can play in one environment or the other, no biggie. The following are the steps I took to create a Linux environment on my Chromebook so I could run Steam and play Dota.

Create ChromeOS Recovery Disk

As is always the best practice, take a backup of your perfectly working Chromebook before you make any changes. To do this, first install the Chromebook Recovery Utility on the Chromebook. Insert a USB stick that is 4GB or larger, follow the prompts. Easy peasy.

Enable Developer Mode

The first step on our journey is to enable developer mode. This removes the security of OS verification and will warn you every time the device is restarted. To enable this mode hold down ESC and Refresh keys then tap the power button to enter recovery. Once there you will see this somewhat scary and currently inaccurate screen:

Press Ctrl + D to enter developer mode, confirm then reboot. This operation will wipe your device so plan accordingly! Once complete you will see the following screen initially at every reboot which can be bypassed with Ctrl+D or you can wait for it to time out.

Once the system comes back up, go through the initial setup process again to get into Chrome and connected to the network.

Install Crouton

From Chrome, Grab the latest crouton file: https://goo.gl/fd3zc and save to the Downloads folder.

In Chrome, press Ctrl+Alt+T to open a crosh terminal tab within the browser. Type “shell” to enter the Linux shell mode:

Next, install crouton by executing:

sudo sh -e ~/Downloads/crouton -t xfce 

If this fails due to a lack of permissions, then execute the following to first gain root:

sudo su 

Run the command again without sudo and point to the crouton file within your user profile. Keep in mind that you’ll be running as root now and “~Downloads” will not have your crouton file. You will need to navigate to or point sh at this specific directory so the command will execute correctly. In this example the required command would be:

sh -e /home/user/b4b68a7dfa3e92f1f0f371473c58f9bf2de97424/Downloads/crouton -t xfce 

This will install the crouton chroot with ubuntu and the xfce desktop, which is a very lightweight GUI. You can optionally install Unity if you want something “heavier”.  Substitute unity at the end of the command instead of xfce.

While you’re at this step, install the crouton integration extension for Chrome which will provide handy functionality like clipboard synchronization between environments: link

This will take some time to complete and once it does, start your crouton session so you can enter the Linux desktop, execute:

sudo startxfce4 

This will run a series of scripts then take you to your fresh new Linux desktop UI. This command will need to be run in crosh every time you reboot or log off from within Ubuntu.

Update Ubuntu

This step is optional but if you want the latest or newer build, or to clean up the packages crouton included by default, it’s a good idea to update. There are a couple of ways to do this but the easiest is via Ubuntu’s Software Updater. From the Terminal , execute:

sudo apt-get install update-manager synaptic 

This will install the Ubuntu updater as well as the Synaptic Package Manager. Run the Software Updater and install Ubuntu 14.04 trusty which will take a while. You will be prompted to remove old packages, do this. Once complete you will be prompted to reboot. Enter the crosh shell again and update the crouton config (precise is the name of my chroot):

sudo sh ~/Downloads/crouton -u –n precise 

You can check the version of crouton installed vs what is available online by running:

croutonversion -u -d -c 

Run sudo startxfce4 and you’ll be back to the Linux desktop. One more step before we can install Steam.

Update Intel Drivers

This is a core i5-5300U system which has a damn decent on-die HD 5500 GPU, but at this point in my build I have no OpenGL drivers yet. If you installed Steam and tried to launch Dota you would see an error about the GPU lacking support for OpenGL 3.1. Run the following extremely long command to perform a thorough update of the Intel parts within your system:

sudo apt-get install --install-recommends xserver-xorg-lts-utopic libqt5gui5 libgles1-mesa-lts-utopic libgles2-mesa-lts-utopic libgl1-mesa-glx-lts-utopic libgl1-mesa-glx-lts-utopic:i386 libglapi-mesa-lts-utopic:i386 libegl1-mesa-drivers-lts-utopic

Remap Volume and Brightness Keys

The top row of keys all have a specific purpose and directly map to F1, F2, etc on a regular keyboard, they are merely obscured here. Once your Linux environment is installed some of these keys won’t work, namely the volume and screen brightness controls. To fix this open the keyboard application and select the Application Shortcuts tab. Add a new command for each key you want to map as shown below then choose the corresponding key.

amixer set Master 10%+ (Volume up key/ F10)
amixer set Master 10%- (Volume down key/ F9)
amixer set Master toggle (mute key/ F8)
brightness down (small sun key/ F6)
brightness up (large sun key/ F7)

Install Chrome for Linux

Netsurf, the default xfce browser, is a very, very basic browser which may suit your needs just fine. If you need to access any site that uses javascript, however, it will not be able to render as there is no support. Save yourself pain and just install Chrome from the jump. The following commands will add the key, set the repository and install the Chrome package:

wget -q -O - https://dl-ssl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub | sudo apt-key add - 
sudo sh -c 'echo "deb http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google.list'
sudo apt-get update 
sudo apt-get install google-chrome-stable

Install Steam, Install Dota2

At this point you should be in very good shape and ready to have fun. Installing Steam is straight-forward, download the Linux client from their site, install. Log in, install Dota. Now with 32GB there is enough space to install Steam and Dota locally, which is ~14GB. With everything, I still have ~8GB free space on the SSD. If you wanted to use the Chromebook to run more titles or simply don’t want to install the games locally, there is a method to install to an external SD card. See the links in the resources section at the bottom to learn how.  The graphics performance is actually quite good considering there is no discrete GPU present. Dota video settings notched up 1 level from the bottom performs quite well. Fallout4? Probably not so much.

Install Java, Install Minecraft

Minecraft requires the Java Runtime, so installing the JRE is step 1. The easiest way to do this is via a PPA (Personal Package Archive) which will download the required files from Oracle and install them. If you have any other package manager application running at the same time, this process may fail with an error about getting a lock on /var/lib/dpkg. Close Synaptic or Software Center first, then run the following commands in the Terminal:

sudo apt-get-repository ppa:webupd8team/java
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install oracle-java8-installer
sudo apt-get install oracle-java8-set-default

Once Java is installed, browse to Minecraft.net and download minecraft.jar. This is the launcher that will download, update and run Minecraft. Keep this file and put it in a safe place. To run right away, in Terminal navigate to the directory of the jar file and run:

java -jar minecraft.net

The familiar launcher will appear where you can log in and play. You could run the previous command every time you want to play or create a shortcut script for easier launching. First create the sh file on your desktop (CD to your desktop) and enter (nano is not present in this build):

vi minecraft.net

With the Vi editor open to your new file, enter the following 3 lines and save (see the Vi cheat sheet link at the bottom if you need help):

#bin/bash
java -jar ~/Documents/Minecraft.jar
exit

Right-click the new sh file and on the Permissions tab check the box to "Allow this file to be run as a program". Anytime you want to play Minecraft just double-click this file and off you go. Now we have a full fledged Minecraft install with all the privileges that affords including mods, maps and servers. The performance is fantastic on the Chromebook with absolutely zero lag whatsoever.

That’s all there is to it! Now my Chromebook is a very capable dual purpose machine that I can do almost anything I want. In previous versions of ChromeOS and crouton it was possible to seamlessly switch between ChromeOS and Linux by using the key combo Ctrl+alt+shift+forward (or backward). This doesn’t work for me right now with the ChromeOS side either appearing blank screen or frozen accepting no inputs. Others had this same problem earlier in the year so it appears that it may have never been resolved. If you know of a workaround please speak up in the comments! For now, to get to ChromeOS from Linux you have to reboot then start up your chroot again when ready. Not ideal but not a huge inconvenience either since your Linux sessions are saved and easily restored. In this build I have ChromeOS, Couton/ Ubuntu, Steam, Dota, Java and Minecraft all installed with 5.2GB to spare. Not bad! Not to mention that the graphics performance is better here using the Core i5 chip alone vs older laptops I have with discrete NVIDIA NVS GPUs. Really impressive. If you want a very capable lightweight laptop to run Linux and a few games, look no further than the Dell Chromebook 13!

Resources

Chromebook Recovery Utility

crouton

Crouton install walkthrough

Intel Driver Update

Map volume and brightness keys

Installing Dota on external SD card

Vi Cheat sheet

One of the issues with extremely high frame rates on the PC version of this game, is that certain focused interactions of particular game elements become unstable, specifically lock picking and terminal usage. Running my GTX 970 GPU I get max rates of up around 250 FPS, which  while impressive, is wholly unnecessary. Frame rates at this speed mean that the lock picking sequence flies very quickly left and right easily breaking bobby pins, it also means that you get stuck at terminals unable to exit. There are reasons why this is suspected to be happening in Fallout4 which you can read about in the link below, namely coding to frame rates. Most importantly, how do you fix this?

The easiest method to resolve this is to reduce the maximum frame rate of the game when it’s being played on your PC. For this we turn to RivaTuner Statistics Server, a simple utility that can be control characteristics on an app by app basis. This tool should support any GPU made from by any vendor. If you have an MSI GPU like me, a slightly older version of this utility is bundled in the Afterburner install. To get the latest code, follow the link provided at the bottom.  For this to work, RivaTuner must be running when you play the game, On Screen Display (OSD) is optional but helpful to see what’s happening. If you opt to run the Afterburner utility too, it will display your GPU load characteristics as well as % utilized OSD while in-game if you like.

• Install RivaTuner
• Add Fallout4.exe as an application profile, you will find the exe here: C:\Program Files (x86)\Steam\steamapps\common\Fallout 4
• Set framerate limit to 105 and hit enter (identified as max stable rate)
• Enable Show own statistics to view FPS OSD in-game
• Enable Start with Widows if desired

Once the game profile has been set up, make sure to not X out of RivaTuner as this closes the app. Click the down arrow to minimize to the system tray instead. If RivaTuner is not running your frame rate limit will not be applied. Once you’re in game, you will see your new limited frame rate in the upper left hand corner reflecting the change is active. No more stuck terminals and much better control when lock picking with bobby pins! There is no discernable difference otherwise with regard to quality of graphics rendered nor speedy scene changes. 105 FPS is great!

That’s it. Sucks we have to do this but better than constantly reloading quicksaves after getting stuck at a terminal! Big shout to the Reddit community thread identifying the problem and suggestions to correct.

Resources

Reddit PSA

MSI Afterburner

RivaTuner 6.4